Style guides and linting

See the relevant style guides for our guidelines and for information on linting:

JavaScript

We defer to Airbnb on most style-related conventions and enforce them with eslint.

See our current .eslintrc for specific rules and patterns.

Common

ESlint

1. Never disable eslint rules unless you have a good reason.
   You may see a lot of legacy files with /* eslint-disable some-rule, some-other-rule */ at the top, but legacy files are a special case. Any time you develop a new feature or refactor an existing one, you should abide by the eslint rules.

2. Never Ever EVER disable eslint globally for a file

   // bad
   /* eslint-disable */
   
   // better
   /* eslint-disable some-rule, some-other-rule */
   
   // best
   // nothing :)

3. If you do need to disable a rule for a single violation, try to do it as locally as possible

   // bad
   /* eslint-disable no-new */
   
   import Foo from 'foo';
   
   new Foo();
   
   // better
   import Foo from 'foo';
   
   // eslint-disable-next-line no-new
   new Foo();

4. There are few rules that we need to disable due to technical debt. Which are:

   1. no-new
   2. class-methods-use-this

5. When they are needed always place ESlint directive comment blocks on the first line of a script, followed by any global declarations, then a blank newline prior to any imports or code.

   // bad
   /* global Foo */
   /* eslint-disable no-new */
   import Bar from './bar';
   
   // good
   /* eslint-disable no-new */
   /* global Foo */
   
   import Bar from './bar';

6. Never disable the no-undef rule. Declare globals with /* global Foo */ instead.

7. When declaring multiple globals, always use one /* global [name] */ line per variable.

   // bad
   /* globals Flash, Cookies, jQuery */
   
   // good
   /* global Flash */
   /* global Cookies */
   /* global jQuery */

8. Use up to 3 parameters for a function or class. If you need more accept an Object instead.

   // bad
   fn(p1, p2, p3, p4) {}
   
   // good
   fn(options) {}

Modules, Imports, and Exports

1. Use ES module syntax to import modules

   // bad
   require('foo');
   
   // good
   import Foo from 'foo';
   
   // bad
   module.exports = Foo;
   
   // good
   export default Foo;

2. Relative paths: Unless you are writing a test, always reference other scripts using relative paths instead of ~

   • In app/assets/javascripts:

     // bad
     import Foo from '~/foo'
   
     // good
     import Foo from '../foo';

   • In spec/javascripts:

     // bad
     import Foo from '../../app/assets/javascripts/foo'
   
     // good
     import Foo from '~/foo';

3. Avoid using IIFE. Although we have a lot of examples of files which wrap their contents in IIFEs (immediately-invoked function expressions), this is no longer necessary after the transition from Sprockets to webpack. Do not use them anymore and feel free to remove them when refactoring legacy code.

4. Avoid adding to the global namespace.

   // bad
   window.MyClass = class { /* ... */ };
   
   // good
   export default class MyClass { /* ... */ }

5. Side effects are forbidden in any script which contains exports

   // bad
   export default class MyClass { /* ... */ }
   
   document.addEventListener("DOMContentLoaded", function(event) {
     new MyClass();
   }

Data Mutation and Pure functions

1. Strive to write many small pure functions, and minimize where mutations occur.

   // bad
   const values = {foo: 1};
   
   function impureFunction(items) {
     const bar = 1;
   
     items.foo = items.a * bar + 2;
   
     return items.a;
   }
   
   const c = impureFunction(values);
   
   // good
   var values = {foo: 1};
   
   function pureFunction (foo) {
     var bar = 1;
   
     foo = foo * bar + 2;
   
     return foo;
   }
   
   var c = pureFunction(values.foo);

2. Avoid constructors with side-effects

3. Prefer .map, .reduce or .filter over .forEach A forEach will cause side effects, it will be mutating the array being iterated. Prefer using .map, .reduce or .filter

   const users = [ { name: 'Foo' }, { name: 'Bar' } ];
   
   // bad
   users.forEach((user, index) => {
     user.id = index;
   });
   
   // good
   const usersWithId = users.map((user, index) => {
     return Object.assign({}, user, { id: index });
   });

Parse Strings into Numbers

1. parseInt() is preferable over Number() or +

   // bad
   +'10' // 10
   
   // good
   Number('10') // 10
   
   // better
   parseInt('10', 10);

CSS classes used for JavaScript

1. If the class is being used in Javascript it needs to be prepend with js-

   // bad
   <button class="add-user">
     Add User
   </button>
   
   // good
   <button class="js-add-user">
     Add User
   </button>

Vue.js

Basic Rules

1. The service has it's own file
2. The store has it's own file

3. Use a function in the bundle file to instantiate the Vue component:

   // bad
   class {
     init() {
       new Component({})
     }
   }
   
   // good
   document.addEventListener('DOMContentLoaded', () => new Vue({
     el: '#element',
     components: {
       componentName
     },
     render: createElement => createElement('component-name'),
   }));

4. Don not use a singleton for the service or the store

   // bad
   class Store {
     constructor() {
       if (!this.prototype.singleton) {
         // do something
       }
     }
   }
   
   // good
   class Store {
     constructor() {
       // do something
     }
   }

Naming

1. Extensions: Use .vue extension for Vue components.

2. Reference Naming: Use camelCase for their instances:

   // good
   import cardBoard from 'cardBoard'
   
   components: {
     cardBoard:
   };

3. Props Naming: Avoid using DOM component prop names.

4. Props Naming: Use kebab-case instead of camelCase to provide props in templates.

   // bad
   <component class="btn">
   
   // good
   <component css-class="btn">
   
   // bad
   <component myProp="prop" />
   
   // good
   <component my-prop="prop" />

Alignment

1. Follow these alignment styles for the template method:

   // bad
   <component v-if="bar"
       param="baz" />
   
   <button class="btn">Click me</button>
   
   // good
   <component
     v-if="bar"
     param="baz"
   />
   
   <button class="btn">
     Click me
   </button>
   
   // if props fit in one line then keep it on the same line
   <component bar="bar" />

Quotes

1. Always use double quotes " inside templates and single quotes ' for all other JS.

   // bad
   template: `
     <button :class='style'>Button</button>
   `
   
   // good
   template: `
     <button :class="style">Button</button>
   `

Props

1. Props should be declared as an object

   // bad
   props: ['foo']
   
   // good
   props: {
     foo: {
       type: String,
       required: false,
       default: 'bar'
     }
   }

2. Required key should always be provided when declaring a prop

   // bad
   props: {
     foo: {
       type: String,
     }
   }
   
   // good
   props: {
     foo: {
       type: String,
       required: false,
       default: 'bar'
     }
   }

3. Default key should always be provided if the prop is not required:

   // bad
   props: {
     foo: {
       type: String,
       required: false,
     }
   }
   
   // good
   props: {
     foo: {
       type: String,
       required: false,
       default: 'bar'
     }
   }
   
   // good
   props: {
     foo: {
       type: String,
       required: true
     }
   }

Data

1. data method should always be a function

    // bad
    data: {
      foo: 'foo'
    }

    // good
    data() {
      return {
        foo: 'foo'
      };
    }

Directives

1. Shorthand @ is preferable over v-on

   // bad
   <component v-on:click="eventHandler"/>
   
   // good
   <component @click="eventHandler"/>

2. Shorthand : is preferable over v-bind

   // bad
   <component v-bind:class="btn"/>
   
   // good
   <component :class="btn"/>

Closing tags

1. Prefer self closing component tags

   // bad
   <component></component>
   
   // good
   <component />

Ordering

1. Order for a Vue Component:
   1. name
   2. props
   3. mixins
   4. data
   5. components
   6. computedProps
   7. methods
   8. beforeCreate
   9. created
   10. beforeMount
   11. mounted
   12. beforeUpdate
   13. updated
   14. activated
   15. deactivated
   16. beforeDestroy
   17. destroyed

Vue and Boostrap

1. Tooltips: Do not rely on has-tooltip class name for Vue components

   // bad
   <span
     class="has-tooltip"
     title="Some tooltip text">
     Text
   </span>
   
   // good
   <span
     v-tooltip
     title="Some tooltip text">
     Text
   </span>

2. Tooltips: When using a tooltip, include the tooltip directive, ./app/assets/javascripts/vue_shared/directives/tooltip.js

3. Don't change data-original-title.

   // bad
   <span data-original-title="tooltip text">Foo</span>
   
   // good
   <span title="tooltip text">Foo</span>
   
   $('span').tooltip('fixTitle');

SCSS

• SCSS